Tuesday, December 24, 2019

The Crime Coefficient Of The Correctional Facility

From the moment they were born, all humans were categorised into either regular people or latent criminals. This was all judged by a person s crime coefficient – a number between zero and five hundred which determined the likelihood of one committing a crime. This was usually calculated based on emotion, but some were unfairly born with crime coefficients above or dangerously close to one hundred which was the cut off mark as far as The System was concerned. The System placed latent criminals into The Correctional Facility where potential burdens to society were either given therapy or handed to the police department as hunting dogs if they scored enough on several aptitude tests taken at some point in their lives. Lev s father, an†¦show more content†¦That doubt was exactly what drove Lev towards The Correctional Facility in the first place. He d have been called a madman if he told anyone else, so he decided to go alone to clarify something that could unravel the wh ole System. After witnessing his partner getting slaughtered during an investigation, his father s crime coefficient shot up due to distress and he was instantly carted off to The Correctional Facility. But there was no explanation as to what they were going to do. No mention of therapy, no mention of his father being demoted to a mere enforcer, no nothing. In fact, the only reason Lev knew his father was taken to The Correctional Facility in the first place was because he happened to have very limited access to documents concerning inhabitants of the building thanks to his job. Lev was running out of time and he knew it. The tranquilliser he shot at the man preciously using the main office s computer would only last for a limited time. He had more darts which he was more than willing to use if it could bring him closer to finding out the truth about his father, but they d just make it easier to detain him. God only knew what they d do... Lev rummaged through folder after folder on the computer, cursing and slamming his fist down on the keyboard upon finding his search attempts to be fruitless. After going through such a struggle to enter the accursed building in the first place, he

Monday, December 16, 2019

9/11 the After Effect on Canada Free Essays

Sunner CHC2D1-06 Mr. Pasquantonio June, 4th, 2012 9/11: The After-effect on Canada The events of September 11, 2001 (9/11) are remembered throughout the world. On this unforgettable day, three aircrafts crashed at different locations throughout the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on 9/11 the After Effect on Canada or any similar topic only for you Order Now Two of which crashed into the famous World Trade Center taking thousands of innocent lives. These attacks had allowed countries to learn and prepare to avoid any similar future events. Moreover, the effects of 9/11 had indirectly influenced Canada, beneficially and detrimentally. Canada as a nation had learned from this tragic experience as well as mourned the losses of its neighboring nation. The terrorist attacks had dramatically affected Canada; socially, economically, politically. To begin with, Canada’s social atmosphere had been indirectly affected by 9/11. The aftermath of 9/11 mirrored similar social effects of the United States, within Canada. Canadians developed a sense of paranoia for unexpected terrorist attacks, which may possibly occur at any given period. Many Americans believed that the terrorists had slipped through Canadian borders; in consequence, attacking Canada may be easy for terrorists. The events of 9/11 had influenced many of the majority class Canadians to assimilate a patriotic and vengeful mind state. Post 9/11 minority Canadians were witnessing a dramatic increase of discrimination and racial profiling. Several majority class citizens and patriotic citizens were acting chaotic by performing hate crimes for their own self-interest of protecting themselves. Similarly, several minority individuals consisting of brown skin tone were perceived to be terrorists and prone to alienation, â€Å"Muslim, Jewish, Hindu, and Sikh Canadians all once again found themselves on the receiving end of unjust treatment meted out by their neighbors. Due to the reaction of the community; Sikh and Hindu temples were razed and targeted as a terrorist threat. Overall, the social atmosphere within Canada had been detrimentally affected by the event of 9/11. Secondly, Canada’s economy had been ultimately influenced by the attacks of 9/11. Canada’s economy like many others is partially dependent on the United States. In consequence, Canada mirrors the United States economic progress. . The aftermath of 9/11 had mainly been negative for Canada’s economy. In 2009, Canada had imported 51. 1% to its biggest trading partner, the United States however, the increased border security applied by the United States resulted in a 2. 4% decline in Canada’s exports to the United States. Several businesses had laid-off workers. Over 462 form layoffs were executed and an estimated of 130,000 workers were displaced. Canada had expended $1. 2 billion in order to enhance border security. After 9/11 Canada’s security expenses had dramatically increased to an estimated total of $10. 7 billion. Increased security after 9/11 had continuously led to harmful effects towards the economy. However, improved security within Canada had led people to believe that the country was a much safer place than before. Similarly In result to 9/11, Canada’s economy had shifted negatively. Finally, Canada had undergone numerous political changes as a result of 9/11. Canada had applied new policies and regulations to ensure and safeguard the protection of society and to avoid any future acts of terrorism. As a result, Canada introduced the ‘Canadian Anti-Terrorism Act’. Such an act was necessary in-order to calm down society and create a sense of safe-haven. The act was created only after the 9/11 attacks, and the main goal was to prevent history from repeating itself. Also, Canada had created a new act to further increase security and prevention of terrorism, â€Å"Public Safety Act, which features executive regulations designed to secure sites and substances exposed to terrorism. The main purpose of the act was, to prevent terrorist attacks and protect Canadians, However, many Canadian citizens where shocked by the event and wanted to reach out and give their full support in helping the United States. To sum up, Canada’s political state had endured an extensive amount of changes. In conclusion, Canada had been affected circuitously by 9/11. Post 9/11, Canada had appeared out as a different nation; it had changed socially, economically, environmentally. Socially, Canada had reacted towards the tragedy with an increase of discrimination, racial profiling and hate crimes. Moreover, Canada’s economy had suffered negatively because of our dependence on the United States. Corporations and businesses had experienced lower profits for the months following the attacks as a result of increased security. Canada had also shifted politically with the creation and innovation of new and old laws and regulations for the greater good of society. Such an terrible event that had taken place on 9/11 will never be forgotten; it will be imprinted into history and used as an example to avoid any similar events. Works Cited Adelman, Howard. â€Å"Canadian Borders and Immigration Post 9/11. † International Migration Review. Volume 36, Number 1 (Spring 2002), 15 Athanassakos, Alex, Meis, Scott and Nieuwenhuis, Sid, â€Å"THE IMPACTS OF THE US TERRORIST ATTACK ON CANADA’S ACCOMMODATION INDUSTRY. † Ontla. On. Ca. http://www. ontla. on. ca/library/repository/mon/3000/10301210. df, accessed 17th November 2010. Gloverman, Steven and Storer, Paul. The Impacts of 9/11 on Canada-U. S. Trade. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2008, 19 amp; 159 Kent, Roach. â€Å"Canada’s Response to September 11. † Kent, Roach, Michael, Hor and Victor, Ramraj. Global Anti-Terrorism Law and Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005, 535 Kruger, Erin, Mulder, Marlene and Korenic ,Bojan. â€Å"Canada after 11 Sep tember: Security Measures and ‘Preferred’ Immigrants. † Mediterranean Quarterly. Volume 15, Number 4 (Fall 2004), 84-85 n/a. Canada’s Actopms Against Terrorism Since September 11. † Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada. http://www. international. gc. ca/anti-terrorism/canadaactions-en. asp, accessed 20th November 2010. n/a. â€Å"Of man, being the first part of Leviathan,† Thomas Hobbes. 1909-14, http://www. bartleby. com/br/03405. html, accessed 21 November 2010. William C, Banks. â€Å"United States Responses To September 11. † Kent, Roach, Michael, Hor and Victor, Ramraj. Global Anti-Terrorism Law and Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005, 520 ;amp; 525 How to cite 9/11 the After Effect on Canada, Papers

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Culture free essay sample

The family you grow up In defines your sense of character and background. These are some of the Ingredients that give you a taste of culture. Culture provides a basis for ones sense of normalcy, because anything outside of ones culture is possibly considered a different way of life. How you were raised and where you were brought up defines a persons culture. Culture can be defined for me by Am. Am is my Scottish grandmother. She raised six kids on her own through the great depression and both World Wars. She defined the way my dad grew up and therefore it defined the way I grew up. My culture is defined by my grandmother because she established a background and a way of life that my parents went by. My parents formulated my life around the equation that If I made the right choices that I would make something of myself. First of all, the concept of a subculture must be framed quite broadly so as to include the various ways sociologists have intended the term in their writings. As Honey (2004) observes, subculture is a term used loosely in social science. At the broadest level, the prefix sub simply implies that these groups are mailer and distinct from the larger culture in some way (p. 3). This loose usage of the term subculture has subset neatly caused critics to suggest that the concept has become greatly diminished in its power as an analytical tool (Honey, 2004, p. ). A related problem is whether the field of sociology clearly demarcates the differences between what constitutes a subculture and what constitutes a counterculture-?and also, whether there are any assumptions or attitudes hidden behind the ways sociologists use these terms. Dodd and Dodd (2003) have noted that, although both these terms are quite commonly seed among sociologists, and are nearly always found in basic sociology textbooks, there nevertheless seems to be disagreement over the sociological method for categorizing a group as a subculture. Additionally, there seems to be disagreement in distinguishing what constitutes a subculture and what constitutes a counterculture. The authors state that, when many sociologists describe the concept Of subculture, they tend to make an implicit characterization of subcultures as either deviant, marginalia groups or heroic resisters against the hegemonic culture of global capitalism (Dodd Dodd, 2003, p. 20).If Dodd and Dodd are correct, then this points out that there may indeed be hidden assumptions or attitudes behind some sociologists usage of the term subculture, and this also calls into question how such characterizations of a subculture differ from a counterculture. As we shall see, once we establish the difference between subcultures and countercultures, heroic resisters against the hegemonic culture of global capitalism seems more to describe members of a counterculture than a subculture-?that is, if we initially accept the premise that subcultures and countercultures are ind eed valid classifications.The Postmodern Perspective Shank (2006) observes that some sociologists have rejected the general concepts of subculture and counterculture altogether. These sociologists view the concept of subculture from a postmodern perspective, and have therefore questioned the validity of how other sociologists apply the concept of subculture. According to Shank, sociologists who take a postmodern perspective argue that subcultures have fragmented to the point where there is no longer an identifiable subgroup sharing a common interest (2006, p. ). Shank argues that this perspective shifts the focus to localized object positions that have developed around fashion, lifestyle, and identity, and cites Mafioso who prefers to use the term neutrino or emotional community as a replacement for the traditional concept of subculture. Shank notes that a postmodern sociological view implies that the term subculture, and the parent culture against which it is defined, are not coherent and homogeneous formations that can be clearly demarcated (Shank, 2006, p. 1). Essentially, this makes the argument that we cannot separate our complex postmodern society into an overall parent culture which is most likely perceived as a monoculture) and various subcultures. Though we should more thoroughly understand what it means to take a postmodernist perspective in sociology, and will return to this viewpoint, we should first have a clear understanding of what sociologists have traditionally meant when using the terms subculture and counterculture. A good way to arrive at clearer definitions is to survey the most popular sociology textbooks, correlate their explanations of the terms, and analyze their examples for each. Surveying the Textbooks Dodd and Dodd (2003) have carried out such a survey on 14 of the most molly used sociology course textbooks for the university level, and their survey is quite helpful in better understanding the terms subculture and counterculture.After considering the use of the term subculture in the chosen textbooks, Dodd and Dodd create a definition, though it seems quite similar to the broad definition that Honey offers above. They state, a subculture is usually thought of as a group that is part of the dominant culture but which differs from it in some important respects (2003, p. 22). Although this definition is quite general-?particularly in its assertion that a picture differs from a dominant culture in some important respects-?the definition proposes that a subculture is part of the dominant cu lture.This prompts consideration of whether or not a counterculture is also considered part of the dominant culture. If sociologists do not consider countercultures part of the dominant culture, then this is a basic distinction between the two concepts. However, for various reasons, such basic distinctions often become complicated. Dodd and Dodd (2003) observe that many sociology textbooks, when presenting the concept of subculture, use Chinese immigrants and their descendants living in San Franciscans Chinatown as a prototypical example.The authors note that Chinese immigrants are a good example of a subculture because of their continuing fluency in Mandarin Chinese or a similar dialect, so fluency in a language other than the language of the mainstream culture is apparently one of the common features of a subculture. However, the authors also observe that the Amiss, whose receptiveness, clothing, and cultural practices set them apart from the dominant culture is included in nearly all sociology textbook discussions of subcultures.This indicates that fluency in a second language (and therefore fl uency in a second national or ethnic culture) is not necessary in order for a person to be categorized as belonging to a subculture. The authors note that, in all of the textbooks, the most primary element of a subculture is the use of racial or ethnic groups as prototypical examples of subcultures. The authors state that this use of racial or ethnic groups as examples of subcultures is in fact, the only example that is common to all of the texts, though the chosen racial or ethnic examples among the textbooks vary widely.In the 14 textbooks that Dodd and Dodd analyzed, the specific examples given for racial or ethnic groups include African Americans, Anglo Americans, Chicanes, Chinese Americans, Italian Americans, Native Americans, Norwegian Americans, Orthodox Jews, and Polish Americans (Dodd Dodd, 2003, p. 22). Many of the textbooks also assert that some occupations could be considered subcultures, and several even use sociologists as one example of an occupational subculture. In the textbooks Dodd and Dodd surveyed, other examples of subcultures were based on geographic regions of the country, religion, social class, and interest groups Dodd Dodd, p. 5). Thus, the various divergent examples of subcultures from these textbooks create a problem in clearly defining the conce pt of a subculture-?though it may help to break down the concept of subculture into further subcategories. Dodd and Dodd use the term occupational subculture when discussing occupation as criteria for a subculture, which inherently creates a subcategory, so we can assume that there may be more subcategories of subcultures based on region, religion, interest groups, etc. This also implies that an individual could belong to several subcultures.The authors note that it is common to read in sociology textbooks descriptions Of the subculture concept emphasizing the multiplicity of subcultures to which an individual group member might belong at any one time or at different times in his or her life (Dodd Dodd, 2003, p. 21). Thus, a Chinese American computer programmer who has converted to Islam and lives in the Appalachian Mountains could belong to several subcultures. That example is probably what Honey (2004) means by saying that broad application of the term subculture has greatly diminished the concepts power as an analytical LOL. The Dodd and Dodd textbook survey resulted in the authors p roposing three basic criteria that indicate a subculture. They define the ideal subculture as a group whose members: ; Interact frequently with one another; ; Share a common world-view, or hallucinating, that has at its center the attribute that defines the group most thoroughly; ; Remain unwilling or unable to assimilate into the larger, dominant culture; that is, to have ones identification with the subculture become normalized and unproblematic (Dodd Dodd, 2003, p. 28). Further Insights Types of SubculturesDodd and Dodd also note that some subculture members are distinguishable from members of a dominant cultural group because of physical appearance, style Of clothing and adornment, and other cultural signifier such as language or dialect (2006, p. 1 1 From this definition, they develop an interesting method of categorization based on the likelihood that the subculture member will eventually assimilate into the dominant culture. Using this criterion, the authors propose three basic types of succubus Uterus, ranging from quite likely to assimilate to quite unlikely to assimilate.